RM R1 - 10000 Gs / N52 - magnetic distributor

Advantages and disadvantages of neodymium magnets NdFeB.

Apart from their superior magnetism, neodymium magnets have these key benefits:

• They have stable power, and over more than 10 years their performance decreases symbolically – ~1% (in testing),
• They remain magnetized despite exposure to magnetic noise,
• Thanks to the polished finish and nickel coating, they have an elegant appearance,
• They exhibit elevated levels of magnetic induction near the outer area of the magnet,
• Neodymium magnets are known for strong magnetic induction and the ability to work at temperatures up to 230°C or higher (depending on the magnetic form),
• Thanks to the flexibility in shaping and the capability to adapt to individual requirements, neodymium magnets can be created in various configurations, which expands their application range,
• Significant impact in advanced technical fields – they find application in data storage devices, electric motors, medical equipment as well as sophisticated instruments,
• Thanks to their concentrated strength, small magnets offer high magnetic performance, with minimal size,

Disadvantages of magnetic elements:

• They are fragile when subjected to a strong impact. If the magnets are exposed to physical collisions, it is suggested to place them in a protective case. The steel housing, in the form of a holder, protects the magnet from fracture while also enhances its overall strength,
• They lose field intensity at extreme temperatures. Most neodymium magnets experience permanent reduction in strength when heated above 80°C (depending on the geometry and height). However, we offer special variants with high temperature resistance that can operate up to 230°C or higher,
• They rust in a wet environment – during outdoor use, we recommend using encapsulated magnets, such as those made of plastic,
• Using a cover – such as a magnetic holder – is advised due to the restrictions in manufacturing fine shapes directly in the magnet,
• Possible threat related to magnet particles may arise, especially if swallowed, which is important in the health of young users. Furthermore, small elements from these assemblies may complicate medical imaging if inside the body,
• High unit cost – neodymium magnets are pricier than other types of magnets (e.g., ferrite), which can restrict large-scale applications

Breakaway strength of the magnet in ideal conditions – what contributes to it?

The given strength of the magnet represents the optimal strength, calculated in ideal conditions, namely:

• using a steel plate with low carbon content, acting as a magnetic circuit closure
• with a thickness of minimum 10 mm
• with a smooth surface
• with no separation
• under perpendicular detachment force
• at room temperature

Practical aspects of lifting capacity – factors

In practice, the holding capacity of a magnet is affected by the following aspects, in descending order of importance:

• Air gap between the magnet and the plate, because even a very small distance (e.g. 0.5 mm) can cause a drop in lifting force of up to 50%.
• Direction of applied force, because the maximum lifting capacity is achieved under perpendicular application. The force required to slide the magnet along the plate is usually several times lower.
• Thickness of the plate, as a plate that is too thin causes part of the magnetic flux not to be used and to remain wasted in the air.
• Material of the plate, because higher carbon content lowers holding force, while higher iron content increases it. The best choice is steel with high magnetic permeability and high saturation induction.
• Surface of the plate, because the more smooth and polished it is, the better the contact and consequently the greater the magnetic saturation.
• Operating temperature, since all permanent magnets have a negative temperature coefficient. This means that at high temperatures they are weaker, while at sub-zero temperatures they become slightly stronger.

* Lifting capacity was determined using a polished steel plate of suitable thickness (min. 20 mm), under vertically applied force, however under shearing force the lifting capacity is smaller. Additionally, even a minimal clearance {between} the magnet and the plate decreases the holding force.