Neodymium Magnets - Nd₂Fe₁₄B Production Technology

neodymium is the strongest known material for producing magnets

The production of sintered neodymium magnets is a process in which special alloys of neodymium and other metals are melted and sintered into the shape of a magnet. This process is highly complex and requires specialized machinery, equipment, and skilled workforce.

The first step in the production of sintered neodymium magnets is preparing the appropriate proportions of neodymium and other alloys, such as iron and boron. These alloys are then melted in a high-temperature furnace and poured into a mold, which is subsequently cooled and solidified.

After casting, the magnet undergoes heat treatment to achieve the desired hardness and strength. The next step is mechanical processing, during which the magnet is ground, aligned, and then subjected to further drying and quality control.

Upon completion of the production process, sintered neodymium magnets are ready for use in various applications, such as electric motors, audio and video equipment, as well as in the automotive and aerospace industries.

Precautionary Principles

Do not use neodymium NdFeB magnets in:

Acidic, alkaline, organic, or dissolving environments (unless the magnet is hermetically isolated from the environment) or radioactive radiation
Water or oil (unless the magnet is isolated from the environment or you are prepared for the magnet to lose its magnetic properties quickly)
Electrically conductive fluid - electrolyte containing water
An atmosphere containing hydrogen

A neodymium magnet is a sintered alloy of powdered metals with a rare earth element from the lanthanide group - neodymium, discovered in 1885. After magnetization, its action is several times stronger than that of the commonly known ferrite magnet. For example, a regular ferrite magnet (such as those used in speakers) can lift a few grams of weight, while a neodymium magnet of the same size can lift ten times more. Thanks to their size and ability to operate within a relatively wide temperature range, as well as the widespread use of various mounts, neodymium magnets started gaining popularity already in the late 1980s.

Neodymium magnets are prone to corrosion in humid environments. Therefore, they are coated with a thin layer of nickel, silver, gold, gold-nickel, or epoxy. The magnetic properties of neodymium magnets (NdFeB) significantly deteriorate at temperatures exceeding 130°C and are largely dependent on the material they are made of, whether it is N-type - 80 degrees Celsius with low permanence, or, for example, M-H-SH-UH-EH types, which can operate up to 210°C. Generally, NdFeB magnets with higher permanence coefficients withstand higher temperatures without losing their magnetic properties.

Neodymium magnets (NdFeB) are about 13% lighter than SmCo (ferrite) magnets and are brittle (although not to the same extent as the latter). Therefore, any mechanical processing using diamond tools should be carried out before magnetization. Neodymium magnets can be magnetized in several ways, depending on their application.

Neodymium ₆₀Nd - a chemical element from the f block, group 3, lanthanides, a yellow metal - is used as an additive to alloys, and its oxide is used to color glass (artificial rubies), porcelain, enamel, as well as in neodymium lasers. In the open air, it reacts coldly with oxygen, forming neodymium oxide Nd₂O₃, and releases hydrogen from heated water, forming neodymium hydroxide Nd(OH)₃. When reacting with acids, it forms neodymium salts containing pale reddish-violet, hydrated Nd³⁺ cations, such as neodymium chloride NdCl₃, hexahydrate neodymium nitrate Nd(NO₃)₃.6H₂O, octahydrate neodymium sulfate Nd₂(SO₄)₃.8H₂O.

discovery year - 1885
atomic number - 60
atomic mass - 144.24
electronegativity - 1.2
valence - +3
melting temperature - 1020^oC
boiling point (p = 1 atm) - 3030^oC
number of known isotopes (including stable isotopes with a half-life of over 1 billion years)
ground state electron configuration:
[Xe] 4f⁴ 6s²
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 4f⁴ 5s² 5p⁶ 6s²

Permanent Magnets

A material that continuously generates its own magnetism is called a "magnet." Artificially produced magnets based on iron contain about 1% carbon (C) and other elements besides the main component, iron (Fe). Because the atomic magnetism of iron is attached in the same direction between other atoms, such as carbon, continuous magnetism is generated externally, and such magnets are called permanent magnets.

Magnetism

The ability of a permanent magnet is often referred to as "magnetic strength," but more precisely, the reactive property of a magnet is called "magnetism," the force of magnetism is called "magnetic force," and the area in which magnetism operates is called a "magnetic field" or "magnetic flux." These properties depend on the energy that is the tension of the rope between the N and S poles, as the poles repel each other and try to move away from each other according to the two-pole immobility exposed in the magnet. This magnetic energy cannot be visually observed under normal conditions. Magnetism exits from the N pole and enters the S pole, and this flow between magnetic poles is visually represented by lines called "magnetic field lines." This image allows for the visual confirmation of magnetic energy using a magnet and iron powder.

Load

Load is defined as the force generated when two points come into contact, such as between a magnet and a steel plate. The load varies with friction, surface condition, and impact. The sliding load, which indicates whether the magnet and the steel plate, etc., can remain in place without sliding, enduring horizontally applied load, is also denoted in newtons (N).

Coercivity (Hcb / Hcj)

Coercivity refers to the resistant magnetic force. Coercivity refers to the strength of the external magnetic field (H) required to restore a magnetized magnetic body to a state where it is not magnetized by an opposing (-) magnetic field (H). As this numerical value increases, the resistance to demagnetization develops, making it more difficult to decrease magnetization. Coercivity is denoted in amperes per meter (A/m) in the SI unit system and as oersteds (Oe) in the CGS unit system.

Reduced Magnetization and Demagnetization

The magnetization of magnets weakens over time, but at normal room temperature, magnetization decreases only slightly over many years. Therefore, because most people think that they never lose their magnetism, such magnets are called "permanent magnets." The magnetic force of a permanent magnet depends on the ambient temperature and changes according to the temperature coefficient. When the temperature is high, the magnetic force weakens, and when the temperature is low, the magnetic force becomes stronger. Permanent magnets cannot withstand heat when constantly heated at high temperatures, and the reduction of magnetism continues due to changes in the direction of iron atoms. Once a certain temperature is exceeded, the magnet is completely demagnetized. This temperature is called the Curie point or Curie temperature, discovered by French physicist Pierre Curie in 1895. The tips of atoms can also become disorganized due to vibrations when strong pressure is applied to a permanent magnet, which can also lead to reduced magnetization.

Assessment of Magnet Performance

Although the performance of a magnet is often abstractly described as "weak or strong," a third party cannot accurately assess the performance of a magnet because the sense of strength or weakness is subjective. The performance of a magnet is typically tested by conducting an evaluation based on the hysteresis curve drawn using a BH analyzer. This hysteresis curve is called the BH curve, and the main indicators derived from the tests are evaluated according to international unit standards, such as magnetic flux density (B), coercivity (Hcb/Hcj), and maximum energy product (BH-max). Information about magnetic units can be found in this magnetic unit converter.

Magnetic Flux Density (B)

An example of magnetic force is lines, and many lines represent related lines of magnetic force derived from a unit surface field. Remanence (Br) indicates the amount of magnetic flux (B) residually maintained when a permanent magnet reaches magnetization saturation to point M due to an external magnetic field (H), and then the external magnetic field (H) returns to zero. Surface magnetic flux density refers to the magnetic flux density with respect to the external surface of the magnet. Magnetic flux density is denoted as tesla (T) in the SI unit system (WB/m2) and as gauss (G) in the CGS unit system (Mx/cm2).

Maximal Energy Product

The maximum value of the energy product of the magnetic field (H) and the magnetic flux (B), i.e., (Bd) * (Hd), is referred to as the maximal energy product (BH-max). The maximal energy product indicates the measure for the maximum magnetic flux obtained based on the unit volume of the magnet. As this value increases, the straight line between point P and the origin (0) approaches 45 degrees, indicating good balance between the magnetic flux density (B) and the coercivity (Hcb / Hcj). The maximal energy product is denoted in kilojoules per cubic meter (kJ/m3) in the SI unit system and as Megaoersteds (MOe) in the CGS unit system.

Adsorption Force

Adsorption force, also known as attraction force, refers to the force between two objects, such as a magnet and a magnetic body containing iron. Newtons (N) are used as representative units for adsorption force. Basic mass units such as kilogram-force (kgf) and pound-force (lbf) can also be used.

The resulting numerical values differ depending on the usage environment and measurement method. As a result, it is necessary to define the usage environment and measurement method when applying adsorption force in magnet specifications. In our laboratory, these forces are defined during measurement according to the following measurement method and usage conditions.

Adsorption Force

Adsorption force is the force when the magnet is pulled away from the steel plate perpendicular to the vertical axis, and the magnet separates from the steel plate.
Sliding Load

Sliding load is the force when the magnet is pulled parallel to the horizontal axis, and the magnet moves away from the steel plate. The force of the magnet in this orientation is much weaker compared to the adsorption force and ranges from 10% to 25% of the declared force in parallel measurement.

The thickness (T) of the steel plate and the thickness (H) of the magnet are as stated above.
The magnet is placed at the center of the steel plate.
The surface area of the steel plate is at least three times (300%) larger than the surface area of the magnet.
The material of the steel sheet is pure iron (Fe).
The surface of the steel sheet is flat without irregularities, and the friction coefficient is not taken into account.
Any gap between the steel plate and the magnet is closed so that there is no gap.

Remember! Neodymium magnets will "rust" and have a thin layer of nickel, silver, gold, gold-nickel, or epoxy (cannot work in water or oil).

A magnet can be magnetized in different directions. The diagrams below show different magnetic orientations available during magnet production. These orientations can be available in isotropic and anisotropic materials.

Axially

Magnetized through length or thickness. The strongest points are on the flat surfaces.

Diametrically

Magnetized through the diameter. The strongest points are on the curved surface.

Radially

Magnetized along the diameter of the magnets. All north poles, all south poles have alternating poles.

The magnetic field is an invisible stream extending between the ends of the magnet, and the stream itself is a collection of charged particles. Neodymium magnets have a potential energy characteristic, which means they have the ability to retain their own energy without losing it over the years, like batteries. Each magnet has two poles - north and south. This means that there are no magnets that have only one pole. It is worth noting that the poles are always located at opposite ends of the magnet.

Cylindrical Magnets - magnetization:

axial - magnetization is along the height, meaning the magnet attracts most strongly with flat surfaces
diametrical - magnetization is along the diameter, meaning the magnet attracts most strongly with the sides
radial - magnetization is along the circumference, meaning the magnet attracts most strongly with the sides, with the outer and inner poles being uniform (either N or S) exclusively

Plate Magnets - magnetization:

axial - magnetization signifies that the magnetic field runs parallel to the magnet's height, making its polar ends the primary points of attraction for flat surfaces.
diametrical - magnetization is along the width, meaning the magnet attracts most strongly with the sides, which define the rectangle area with one dimension as the height and the other as the length of the magnet
radial - magnetization is along the length, meaning the magnet attracts most strongly with the sides, which define the rectangle area with one dimension as the height and the other as the width of the magnet

Ring Magnets - magnetization:

axial - magnetization occurs along the length of the magnet, which results in the magnet having the strongest attraction at its ends, perfectly suited for adhering to flat surfaces
diametrical - magnetization is along the diameter, meaning the magnet attracts most strongly with the sides. This type of magnetization is not applied to ring magnets with a tapered hole
radial - magnetization is along the circumference, meaning the magnet attracts most strongly with the sides, with the outer and inner poles being uniform (either N or S). This type of magnetization is not applied to ring magnets with a tapered hole

Neodymium reacts with oxygen and oxidizes very quickly if it is not protected (coated). That's why all neodymium magnets in our store are coated with a protective layer, which is so thin that it does not affect the adhesive force of the magnet while fulfilling its purpose. The protective coating also protects the magnet from scratches and chipping on the edges.

For surfaces such as nickel, gold, zinc, chrome, and epoxy resin, the magnet's force is the same because the protective layer is usually too thin to have an impact on the force. The layer of rubber or plastic is usually thicker and therefore partially reduces the magnet's force (increases the distance between the attracted object and the magnet).

There are several options for protective coatings of neodymium magnets. In our online store, we mainly offer nickel-plated magnets (the most popular), but you will also find some with a gold or silver coating or a polyepoxide surface. We can also produce magnets coated with rubber, plastic, zinc, or chrome for you - more information can be found in magnet production.

Nickel Coating (Ni-Cu-Ni)

So far, the most commonly used coating
Color: shiny metallic
Good cost-to-performance ratio
Thickness: approx. 12 micrometers

Gold Coating (Ni-Cu-Ni-Au)

Gold plating (24k) over the regular Ni-Cu-Ni coating but with the same characteristics
Color: shiny metallic
Thickness of the gold layer without Ni-Cu-Ni: 0.05 micrometers
Thickness of the entire coating: approx. 12 micrometers

Gold coating wears off easily with frequent use, making it suitable only for decorative purposes, not for play or work.

Chrome Coating (Ni-Cu-Ni-Cr)

Best resistance to abrasion and pressure
Color: gray metallic
Thickness: approx. 15 micrometers

Copper Coating (Ni-Cu)

Color: shiny bronze-red-gold. The color may change over time (darkening, spots)!
Slightly weaker resistance to abrasion and impact compared to Ni-Cu-Ni
Slightly weaker resistance to corrosion compared to Ni-Cu-Ni
Thickness: approx. 10 micrometers

Copper coating is sometimes not visible to the naked eye, which is why (similarly to gold-plated magnets) it is not suitable for frequent use and is intended solely for decorative purposes.

Epoxy Resin Coating (Ni-Cu-Ni-Epoxy)

(also known as epoxy coating)

Color: black
Almost 100% corrosion-free if the coating is intact
No shock resistance (crumbles quickly)
Thickness: approx. 10 micrometers

Even the smallest damage to the coating, invisible to the naked eye, causes damage to the magnet, usually over a long period of exposure to moisture.

Nickel Rubber or Simply Rubber

Color: black
Very good impact resistance, rubber absorbs impact energy
Rubber has a high friction coefficient: it is difficult to rub it against any surface, it stays in place
Thickness: 0.5 to 2 millimeters
Good chemical resistance
The magnet is slightly weaker because the thicker rubber layer increases the distance between the magnet and the attracted object

Rubber protects the magnet from moisture.

Nickel-Plastic or Simply Plastic

Color: other (colored)
Similar to rubber, very good impact resistance
Unlike rubber, the friction between plastic and other surfaces is lower
Thickness: 0.5 to 2 millimeters
Good chemical resistance
The plastic layer increases the distance between the magnet and the attracted object, thereby slightly reducing the magnet's force

When properly sealed, it effectively limits the effects of moisture.

For our neodymium magnets, we offer not only nickel plating but also various types of coatings depending on your needs. In particular, our unique anti-corrosion coating technology significantly improves the corrosion resistance of neodymium magnets, with nickel being the standard. Please also consider other coating options when comparing them with plated products.

Materiał	Symbol	Grubość Powłoki(μm)	Odporność na korozję Spray ze słoną wodą(Hr)	Porowatość	Szybkość rozmagnesowania	Kolor	PCT (Hr)
Cynk	Zn	10-15	>24	<0.1	<0.2%	Biały	>16
Kolorowy cynk	Kolorowy-Zn	10-15	72	<0.1	<0.1%	Wielokolorowy	>24
Nikiel	Ni	10-20	4	<0.5	<0.3%	Srebrny	>16
Podwójny nickel	Dwuwartościowy-Ni	15-20	24	<0.2	<0.3%	Srebrny	>16
Nikiel-miedź-nikiel	Ni-Cu-Ni	15-30	>48	<0.1	<0.1%	Srebrny	>42
Stop cynkowo-niklowy	Stop Zn-Ni	10-20	>720	<0.1	<0.1%	Różne kolory	>72
Epoksyd innej firmy	EPOKSYDOWE	10-50	>300	-	-	Czarny	>24
Nikiel bez prądowy	bez prądowy Ni	<1	>72	-	-	Srebrny	>24

Salt spray test: 37-39^oC, 5% NaCl, pH 6.5-7.0, 1.5 ml/hr
PCT: 120^oC, 2 atm, 100% RH, 12 hours

φ10mm×10mm	Symbol elementu	Nazwa elementu	Właściwości	Wykorzystanie
	3CrZn	Trójwartościowy chrom cynk	Ostatnio sześciowartościowy chrom został uznany za substancję niszczącą środowisko i zastąpiony trójwartościowym chromem	Części elektroniczne przemysłowe części narzędzi
	Ag	Srebro	Srebro ma najlepszą przewodność elektryczną spośród wszystkich metali, niską rezystancję styku i dobrą lutowalność, ale jest łatwe do odbarwienia.	Części elektroniczne Złącza Naczynia Akcesoria
	Au	Złoto	Złoto ma dobrą odporność na korozję i utlenianie oraz niski opór elektryczny.	Części elektroniczne Części elektryczne Dekoracje Akcesoria
	Cr	Chrom	Chrom ma dobrą odporność na ścieranie i utlenianie i nie traci połysku w atmosferze.	Części zewnętrzne Środki medyczne Sprzęt audiowizualny Akcesoria
	Cu	Miedź	Miedź łatwo się odbarwia, dlatego jest używana jako baza. Służy do wypełniania wgnieceń i nadania połysku.	Produkty odlewnicze Podstawa z żywicy ABS
	CuZn	Brąz	Materiały mosiężne łatwo zmieniają kolor i są zwykle używane jako podkład. Materiały mosiężne są często używane w starożytnych ozdobach.	Starożytne kolorowe ozdoby
	Ni	Nikiel	Nikiel jest stabilny chemicznie i ma dobre właściwości antykorozyjne. Może być używany do wielu różnych celów i jest używany jako baza do złocenia, chromowania itp. Może powodować podrażnienia skóry.	Części elektroniczne Złącza Poszycia podstawy Akcesoria
	Ni-czarny	Czarny nikiel	Czarny nikiel to powłoka stopowa wykonana z niklu, cynku i siarki. Kolor może się różnić w zależności od rodzaju poszycia użytego jako podkład.	Dekoracje Akcesoria
	Sn	Cyna	Cyna ma doskonałe właściwości antykorozyjne i nie utlenia się łatwo. Nie traci łatwo połysku i można go bezpiecznie stosować w produktach spożywczych.	Naczynia do jedzenia Puszki Przedmioty z cyny Dekoracje Akcesoria
	Rh	Rod	Rod ma doskonałe właściwości antykorozyjne i nie utlenia się łatwo. Nie traci łatwo połysku i można go bezpiecznie stosować w produktach spożywczych.	Części elektroniczne Części elektryczne Części audio Dekoracje Akcesoria
	-	Un-leczony	Brak powłoki do obróbki powierzchni. Rdza będzie się łatwo rozwijać na magnesach neodymowych.
	-	Nylon	Wykonane bez rozpuszczalników organicznych i stosowane w przetwórcach żywności i urządzeniach medycznych. Przeszedł ustawę o higienie żywności.	Zabawki Małe artykuły
	-	Poliamid MF305	Wysoka udarność, odporność na zginanie i możliwość stosowania w wysokiej temperaturze.	Części elektroniczne Małe artykuły Do gięcia po malowaniu
-	-	Epoksyd MF304	Wysoka twardość żywicy / Regulacja trudno palności: UL94 / V-0 Atestowany	Części elektroniczne Małe artykuły
-	-	Epoksyd MF303	Wysoka twardość żywicy / Łatwy do polerowania	Dekoracje

	Dhit	Firma [S]	Inne firmy	Dhit	Firma [T]	Dhit
Trwanie	Powłoka HDC Żywica epoksydowa MF304	Normalna żywica epoksydowa	Antykorozyjny podkład Zn dla samochodu Zn	HDC Powłoka z żywicy epoksydowej MF305	żywica epoksydowa	NiCuNi 3 warstwy nikiel
Przed rozpoczęciem testu
Po 72 godz
Po 312 godz
Po 504 godz

Salt spray test: 37-39^oC, 5% NaCl, pH 6.5-7.0, 1.5 ml/hr
PCT: 120^oC, 2 atm, 100% RH, 12 hours

Depending on the temperature, there are three different types of losses:

reversible (can be reversed)
irreversible (cannot be reversed)
constant

Reversible Loss of Magnetization

Temperature range: slightly above the maximum operating temperature
Temperature range: slightly above the maximum operating temperature
The magnet is less magnetic when hot
It doesn't matter how often the magnet is heated and cooled

Irreversible Loss

Temperature range: significantly above the maximum operating temperature
The magnet is permanently weakened, even after cooling
Repeated heating at the same temperature does not strengthen irreversible losses
Magnetization of an irreversibly weakened magnet by a sufficiently strong external magnetic field can restore its original strength

Constant Loss of Magnetic Properties

The structure of neodymium magnets changes due to high temperature - magnetization is no longer possible

kształt	parametry
walcowy		wymiar
		D(mm)	L(mm)	kierunek magnesowania
	wszystkie gatunki	1.0 ~ 250 mm	≤ 80 mm	osiowy lub promieniowy ≤ 80 mm
pierścieniowy		wymiar
		D(mm)	P(mm)	L(mm)	kierunek magnesowania
	wszystkie gatunki	2.5 ~ 250 mm	0.8 ~ 230 mm	≤ 80 mm	≤ 80 mm
płytkowy		wymiar
		L(mm)	W(mm)	H(mm)	kierunek magnesowania
	wszystkie gatunki	≤ 200 mm	≤ 100 mm	≤ 80 mm	≤ 80 mm
wycinek		wymiar
		H(mm)	W(mm)	L(mm)	kierunek magnesowania
	wszystkie gatunki	≤ 70 mm	≤ 100 mm	≤ 200 mm	≤ 80 mm

materiał	siła %
stal węglowa 0,1 - 0,3 % C	100
stal węglowa 0,4 - 0,5 % C	90
stal stopowa F-522	80-90
żeliwo	45-60
stal nierdzewna 18% chromu i 8% niklu	0
mosiądz aluminium miedź	0

typ	max. temperatura pracy	temperatura Curie	Współczynnik rozszerzalności cieplnej	Przewodność cieplna
N*	80°C (176°F)	310°C (590°F)	-0.12%/°C	7.7 kcal/m-h-°C
M	100°C (212°F)	340°C (644°F)	-0.12%/°C	7.7 kcal/m-h-°C
H	120°C (248°F)	340°C (644°F)	-0.11%/°C	7.7 kcal/m-h-°C
SH	150°C (302°F)	340°C (644°F)	-0.10%/°C	7.7 kcal/m-h-°C
UH	180°C (356°F)	350°C (662°F)	-0.10%/°C	7.7 kcal/m-h-°C
EH	200°C (392°F)	350°C (662°F)	-0.10%/°C	7.7 kcal/m-h-°C
AH	230°C (446°F)	350°C (662°F)	-0.10%/°C	7.7 kcal/m-h-°C

* The maximum operating temperatures in this table are only reference points. Magnets labeled N52 have a maximum operating temperature of 65^oC.

For applications with neodymium magnets at temperatures above 80^oC, we have a special type of magnet with a higher operating temperature in our assortment.

właściwości	jednostki	wartości
Twardość Vickersa	Hv	≥550
Gęstość	g/cm³	≥7.4
Curie Temperatura TC	°C	312 - 380
Curie Temperatura TF	°F	593 - 716
Specyficzna oporność	μΩ⋅Cm	150
Siła wyginania	Mpa	250
Wytrzymałość na ściskanie	Mpa	1000~1100
Rozszerzenie termiczne równoległe (∥) do orientacji (M)	°C^-1	(3-4) x 10⁶
Rozszerzenie termiczne prostopadłe (⊥) do orientacji (M)	°C^-1	-(1-3) x 10^-6
Moduł Younga	kg/mm²	1.7 x 10⁴

typ materiału	remanencja		koercja		faktyczna wewnętrzna siła		gęstość energii		temperatura pracy
	Br(kGs)	Br(T)	koercja		faktyczna wewnętrzna siła		(BH)max(MGOe)	(BH)max(KJ/m)
	Min. - Max.	Min. - Max.	bHc(kOe)	bHc(kA/m)	iHc(kOe)	iHc(kA/m)	Min. - Max.	Min. - Max.
N30	10.8-11.2	1080-1120	9.8-10.5	780-836	≥12	≥955	28-30	223-239	≤ 80°C
N33	11.4-11.7	1140-1170	10.3-11	820-876	≥12	≥955	31-33	247-263	≤ 80°C
N35	11.7-12.1	1170-1210	10.8-11.5	860-915	≥12	≥955	33-35	263-279	≤ 80°C
N38	12.2-12.6	1220-1260	10.8-11.5	860-915	≥12	≥955	36-38	287-303	≤ 80°C
N40	12.6-12.9	1260-1290	10.5-12.0	860-955	≥12	≥955	38-40	303-318	≤ 80°C
N42	12.9-13.2	1290-1320	10.8-12.0	860-955	≥12	≥955	40-42	318-334	≤ 80°C
N45	13.2-13.7	1320-1370	10.8-12.5	860-995	≥12	≥955	43-45	342-358	≤ 80°C
N48	13.7-14.2	1370-1420	10.8-12.5	860-995	≥12	≥955	45-48	358-382	≤ 80°C
N50	14-14.6	1400-1460	10.8-12.5	860-995	≥12	≥955	47-51	374-406	≤ 80°C
N52	14.2-14.7	1420-1470	10.8-12.5	860-995	≥12	≥955	48-53	380-422	≤ 65°C
N54	14.5-15.1	1450-1510	10.8-12.5	860-995	≥12	≥876	51-55	406-438	≤ 80°C
30M	10.8-11.2	1080-1120	9.8-10.5	780-836	≥14	≥1114	28-30	223-239	≤100°C
33M	11.4-11.7	1140-1170	10.3-11	820-876	≥14	≥1114	31-33	247-263	≤100°C
35M	11.7-12.1	1170-1210	10.8-11.5	860-915	≥14	≥1114	33-35	263-279	≤100°C
38M	12.2-12.6	1120-1260	10.8-11.5	860-915	≥14	≥1114	36-38	287-303	≤100°C
40M	12.6-12.9	1260-1290	10.8-12	860-955	≥14	≥1114	38-40	303-318	≤100°C
42M	12.9-13.2	1290-1320	10.8-12.5	860-995	≥14	≥1114	40-42	318-334	≤100°C
45M	13.2-13.7	1320-1370	10.8-13	860-1035	≥14	≥1114	43-45	342-358	≤100°C
48M	13.7-14.2	1370-1420	10.8-12.5	860-995	≥14	≥1114	45-48	358-382	≤100°C
50M	14-14.6	1400-1460	10.8-12.5	860-995	≥14	≥1114	47-51	374-406	≤100°C
27H	10.2-10.6	1020-1060	9.5-10.1	756-804	≥17	≥1353	25-27	199-215	≤120°C
30H	10.8-11.2	1080-1120	10.1-10.6	804-844	≥17	≥1353	28-30	223-239	≤120°C
33H	11.4-11.7	1140-1170	10.3-11	820-876	≥17	≥1353	31-33	247-263	≤120°C
35H	11.7-12.1	1170-1210	10.8-11.5	860-915	≥17	≥1353	33-35	263-279	≤120°C
38H	12.2-12.6	1120-1260	10.8-11.5	860-915	≥17	≥1353	36-38	287-303	≤120°C
40H	12.6-12.9	1260-1290	10.8-12	860-955	≥17	≥1353	38-40	303-318	≤120°C
42H	12.9-13.2	1290-1320	10.8-12	860-955	≥17	≥1353	40-42	318-334	≤120°C
44H	13.2-13.6	1320-1360	10.8-13	860-1035	≥17	≥1353	42-44	334-350	≤120°C
48H	13.7-14.2	1370-1420	10.8-12.5	860-995	≥17	≥1353	45-48	358-382	≤120°C
27SH	10.2-10.6	1020-1060	9.5-10.1	756-804	≥20	≥1592	25-27	199-215	≤150°C
30SH	10.8-11.2	1080-1120	10.1-10.6	804-844	≥20	≥1592	28-30	223-239	≤150°C
33SH	11.4-11.7	1140-1170	10.3-11	820-876	≥20	≥1592	31-33	247-263	≤150°C
35SH	11.7-12.1	1170-1210	10.8-11.5	860-915	≥20	≥1592	33-35	263-279	≤150°C
38SH	12.2-12.6	1120-1260	10.8-11.5	860-915	≥20	≥1592	36-38	287-303	≤150°C
40SH	12.6-12.9	1260-1290	10.8-12.0	860-955	≥20	≥1592	38-40	303-318	≤150°C
42SH	12.9-13.2	1290-1320	10.8-12	860-955	≥20	≥1592	40-42	318-334	≤150°C
45SH	13.2-13.7	1320-1370	10.8-12.5	860-955	≥20	≥1592	43-45	342-358	≤150°C
25UH	9.8-10.2	980-1020	9.2-9.6	732-764	≥25	≥1990	23-25	183-199	≤180°C
28UH	10.4-10.8	1040-1080	9.8-10.2	780-812	≥25	≥1990	26-28	207-233	≤180°C
30UH	10.8-11.2	1080-1120	10.1-10.6	804-844	≥25	≥1990	28-30	223-239	≤180°C
33UH	11.4-11.7	1140-1170	10.3-11	820-876	≥25	≥1990	31-33	247-263	≤180°C
35UH	11.7-12.1	1170-1210	10.8-11.5	860-915	≥25	≥1990	33-35	263-279	≤180°C
38UH	12.2-12.6	1120-1260	10.8-11.5	860-915	≥25	≥1990	36-38	287-303	≤180°C
40UH	12.6-12.9	1260-1290	10.5-12.0	860-955	≥25	≥1990	38-40	303-318	≤180°C
25EH	9.8-10.2	980-1020	9.2-9.6	732-764	≥30	≥2388	23-25	183-199	≤200°C
28EH	10.4-10.8	1040-1080	9.8-10.2	780-812	≥30	≥2388	26-28	207-223	≤200°C
30EH	10.8-11.2	1080-1120	10.1-10.6	804-844	≥30	≥2388	28-30	223-239	≤200°C
33EH	11.4-11.7	1140-1170	10.3-11	820-876	≥30	≥2388	31-33	247-263	≤200°C
35EH	11.7-12.1	1170-1210	10.8-11.5	860-915	≥30	≥2388	33-35	263-279	≤200°C
38EH	12.2-12.5	1120-1250	≥11.3	≥899	≥30	≥2388	36-39	287-310	≤200°C
40EH	12.5-12.8	1250-1280	≥11.6	≥923	≥30	≥2388	38-41	302-326	≤200°C
42EH	12.8-13.2	1280-1320	≥11.7	≥931	≥30	≥2388	40-43	318-342	≤200°C
28AH	10.4-10.8	1040-1080	≥9.9	≥787	≥33	≥2624	26-29	207-231	≤230°C
30AH	10.8-11.3	1080-1130	≥10.3	≥819	≥33	≥2624	28-31	223-247	≤230°C
33AH	11.3-11.7	1130-1170	≥10.6	≥843	≥33	≥2624	31-34	247-271	≤230°C
35AH	11.7-12.2	1170-1120	≥11.0	≥876	≥33	≥2624	33-36	263-287	≤230°C
38AH	12.2-12.5	1120-1250	≥11.3	≥899	≥33	≥2624	36-39	287-310	≤230°C
40AH	12.5-12.8	1250-1280	≥11.6	≥923	≥33	≥2624	38-41	302-326	≤230°C

* The above mentioned data of magnetic and physical properties are given at room temperature (20°C). The maximum working temperature of the magnet can change due to the length-to-diameter ratio, coating thickness, and other environmental factors. Additional grades are available. Please contact us for more information.

Neodymium Magnets Production Technology is the process of creating high-strength magnets from neodymium, iron, and boron. This process involves several steps, including raw material preparation, pressing, granulation, shaping, hardening, and magnetization. Depending on the product requirements, different magnetization methods can be employed, such as direct current or pulsed magnetization. Due to their exceptional properties, neodymium magnets are widely used in various industries, including automotive, electronics, medical, and energy.