ZM XMAG2 105 elementów - magnetic toy

Advantages as well as disadvantages of rare earth magnets.

Apart from their notable holding force, neodymium magnets have these key benefits:

• They do not lose strength, even during nearly 10 years – the decrease in power is only ~1% (based on measurements),
• They are extremely resistant to demagnetization induced by external disturbances,
• The use of an elegant finish of noble metals (nickel, gold, silver) causes the element to have aesthetics,
• The surface of neodymium magnets generates a intense magnetic field – this is a distinguishing feature,
• Thanks to resistance to high temperature, they are capable of working (depending on the form) even at temperatures up to 230°C and higher...
• Possibility of individual modeling as well as adapting to specific requirements,
• Wide application in advanced technology sectors – they are commonly used in magnetic memories, electric motors, medical equipment, as well as other advanced devices.
• Compactness – despite small sizes they provide effective action, making them ideal for precision applications

Drawbacks and weaknesses of neodymium magnets and ways of using them

• At very strong impacts they can crack, therefore we recommend placing them in steel cases. A metal housing provides additional protection against damage and increases the magnet's durability.
• When exposed to high temperature, neodymium magnets suffer a drop in force. Often, when the temperature exceeds 80°C, their power decreases (depending on the size, as well as shape of the magnet). For those who need magnets for extreme conditions, we offer [AH] versions withstanding up to 230°C
• Due to the susceptibility of magnets to corrosion in a humid environment, we recommend using waterproof magnets made of rubber, plastic or other material resistant to moisture, in case of application outdoors
• Limited possibility of making threads in the magnet and complicated forms - recommended is cover - magnet mounting.
• Possible danger related to microscopic parts of magnets can be dangerous, in case of ingestion, which gains importance in the aspect of protecting the youngest. Furthermore, small elements of these products are able to disrupt the diagnostic process medical in case of swallowing.
• With large orders the cost of neodymium magnets is economically unviable,

Breakaway strength of the magnet in ideal conditions – what contributes to it?

The lifting capacity listed is a theoretical maximum value performed under specific, ideal conditions:

• using a base made of mild steel, functioning as a magnetic yoke
• with a thickness of at least 10 mm
• characterized by even structure
• without the slightest insulating layer between the magnet and steel
• under vertical force vector (90-degree angle)
• at room temperature

Practical aspects of lifting capacity – factors

Real force is affected by working environment parameters, such as (from priority):

• Distance – existence of any layer (rust, tape, gap) acts as an insulator, which reduces capacity steeply (even by 50% at 0.5 mm).
• Loading method – catalog parameter refers to pulling vertically. When slipping, the magnet holds significantly lower power (typically approx. 20-30% of maximum force).
• Metal thickness – the thinner the sheet, the weaker the hold. Magnetic flux passes through the material instead of generating force.
• Metal type – different alloys attracts identically. High carbon content weaken the interaction with the magnet.
• Plate texture – ground elements ensure maximum contact, which improves field saturation. Uneven metal weaken the grip.
• Temperature influence – high temperature reduces pulling force. Exceeding the limit temperature can permanently demagnetize the magnet.

* Holding force was checked on a smooth steel plate of 20 mm thickness, when the force acted perpendicularly, however under parallel forces the holding force is lower. Additionally, even a minimal clearance {between} the magnet and the plate decreases the lifting capacity.