ZK XLINK 1026 elementów - construction toy

Advantages and disadvantages of neodymium magnets NdFeB.

Besides their magnetic performance, neodymium magnets are valued for these benefits:

• Their strength remains stable, and after approximately ten years, it drops only by ~1% (according to research),
• They remain magnetized despite exposure to magnetic surroundings,
• By applying a shiny layer of silver, the element gains a modern look,
• They have very high magnetic induction on the surface of the magnet,
• With the right combination of magnetic alloys, they reach significant thermal stability, enabling operation at or above 230°C (depending on the form),
• With the option for customized forming and targeted design, these magnets can be produced in various shapes and sizes, greatly improving application potential,
• Wide application in advanced technical fields – they find application in data storage devices, electromechanical systems, healthcare devices along with technologically developed systems,
• Compactness – despite their small size, they deliver powerful magnetism, making them ideal for precision applications

Disadvantages of magnetic elements:

• They can break when subjected to a strong impact. If the magnets are exposed to mechanical hits, it is suggested to place them in a protective enclosure. The steel housing, in the form of a holder, protects the magnet from damage and enhances its overall resistance,
• Magnets lose magnetic efficiency when exposed to temperatures exceeding 80°C. In most cases, this leads to irreversible power drop (influenced by the magnet’s dimensions). To address this, we provide [AH] models with superior thermal resistance, able to operate even at 230°C or more,
• Magnets exposed to wet conditions can corrode. Therefore, for outdoor applications, we advise waterproof types made of plastic,
• Using a cover – such as a magnetic holder – is advised due to the difficulty in manufacturing threads directly in the magnet,
• Potential hazard from tiny pieces may arise, when consumed by mistake, which is significant in the family environments. Additionally, small elements from these magnets can complicate medical imaging once in the system,
• Higher purchase price is an important factor to consider compared to ceramic magnets, especially in budget-sensitive applications

Maximum lifting force for a neodymium magnet – what contributes to it?

The given strength of the magnet means the optimal strength, measured in the best circumstances, specifically:

• with the use of low-carbon steel plate serving as a magnetic yoke
• having a thickness of no less than 10 millimeters
• with a smooth surface
• in conditions of no clearance
• in a perpendicular direction of force
• under standard ambient temperature

Lifting capacity in practice – influencing factors

The lifting capacity of a magnet is determined by in practice key elements, from primary to secondary:

• Air gap between the magnet and the plate, since even a very small distance (e.g. 0.5 mm) causes a drop in lifting force of up to 50%.
• Direction of applied force, because the maximum lifting capacity is achieved under perpendicular application. The force required to slide the magnet along the plate is usually several times lower.
• Thickness of the plate, as a plate that is too thin causes part of the magnetic flux not to be used and to remain wasted in the air.
• Material of the plate, because higher carbon content lowers holding force, while higher iron content increases it. The best choice is steel with high magnetic permeability and high saturation induction.
• Surface of the plate, because the more smooth and polished it is, the better the contact and consequently the greater the magnetic saturation.
• Operating temperature, since all permanent magnets have a negative temperature coefficient. This means that at high temperatures they are weaker, while at sub-zero temperatures they become slightly stronger.

* Holding force was checked on the plate surface of 20 mm thickness, when the force acted perpendicularly, in contrast under parallel forces the load capacity is reduced by as much as fivefold. Moreover, even a minimal clearance {between} the magnet and the plate reduces the holding force.